Introduction

Tennis is one of the most popular sports in the world, played by millions of people across different countries. It is known for its speed, strategy, and elegance. But the modern tennis we see today has a long and interesting history that goes back hundreds of years.

Origins: The Game of “Jeu de Paume”

The earliest form of tennis can be traced back to 12th-century France. It was called “Jeu de Paume,” which means “game of the palm.” In this version, players hit the ball with their hands instead of rackets.

• The game was mainly played by monks in monasteries.

• Later, gloves were used to hit the ball.

• Eventually, wooden rackets were introduced in the 16th century.

This early version of tennis became popular among European royalty, especially in France and England.

Real Tennis and Royal Popularity

By the 16th century, the game evolved into what was known as Real Tennis (also called Royal Tennis).

• It was played indoors on specially designed courts.

• The scoring system (15, 30, 40) was already in use.

• Kings and nobles were fond of the game.

One of the most famous players was King Henry VIII of England, who even built tennis courts in his palaces.

Birth of Modern Lawn Tennis

Modern tennis began in 1873, when Major Walter Clopton Wingfield, a British army officer, invented a new version of the game.

• He introduced a game called “Sphairistikè.”

• It was played outdoors on grass courts.

• Players used rackets and a rubber ball.

This version quickly gained popularity in Britain and then spread to other countries.

The First Wimbledon Championship

In 1877, the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club organized the first Wimbledon Championship in London.

• It was the first official tennis tournament.

• Only men’s singles were played.

• Spencer Gore became the first Wimbledon champion.

Wimbledon remains the oldest and most prestigious tennis tournament in the world.

Growth of International Tournaments

By the early 20th century, tennis had become an international sport. Major tournaments, now known as the Grand Slams, were established:

• Wimbledon – England (1877)

• US Open – United States (1881)

• French Open – France (1891)

• Australian Open – Australia (1905)

These tournaments are considered the highest level of competition in professional tennis.

The Open Era (1968–Present)

A major change came in 1968, when tennis entered the Open Era.

• Professional players were allowed to compete with amateurs.

• Prize money was introduced.

• The sport became more global and commercial.

This era produced legendary players such as:

• Rod Laver

• Björn Borg

• Pete Sampras

• Roger Federer

• Rafael Nadal

• Novak Djokovic

• Serena Williams

Tennis in the Modern World

Today, tennis is played in almost every country.

• Played on different surfaces: grass, clay, and hard courts.

• Featured in the Olympic Games.

• Governed by organizations like the ATP and WTA.

It is both a professional sport and a popular recreational activity.

Conclusion

From a simple hand-ball game played by monks to a global professional sport, tennis has evolved dramatically over the centuries. Its rich history, legendary players, and exciting matches continue to inspire millions of fans around the world.